Finance · 6 min read

Gross Pay vs Net Paycheck

**Gross pay** is before taxes and deductions. **Net pay** is what hits your bank—federal, state, FICA, health insurance, and 401(k) contributions shrink the gap, often 25-35% on middle incomes.

Step by step

1. Annualize gross

Convert offer to yearly gross before comparing roles.

2. Estimate withholding

Use tax calculator with filing status and state.

3. Add benefits value

Employer HSA and match are not in net pay but matter.

Gross vs net

Budget on net; negotiate on gross plus benefits.

  • Gross: Headline offer number; basis for loans sometimes.
  • Net: Actual cash flow; use for rent and savings goals.

Common mistakes

  • Comparing gross offers across different states
  • Ignoring bonus tax withholding

FAQ

Why is first paycheck smaller?

Benefits elections and withholding tables can front-load deductions.