Finance · 7 min read

457(b) vs 403(b) Public Sector Retirement

**403(b)** plans serve schools and nonprofits—often with annuity vendors. **457(b)** plans serve state and local government—unique penalty-free withdrawals after separation from service, still taxable.

Step by step

1. Check both plans

Some employers offer 403(b) and 457(b)—you may contribute to each.

2. Compare fees

403(b) annuities can carry high insurance wraps—prefer low-cost funds.

3. Model separation withdrawal

457(b) no 10% penalty after leave—still income tax.

457(b) vs 403(b)

Eligibility is employer-type driven—not employee choice.

  • 403(b): Nonprofit/education; vendor menus vary widely.
  • 457(b): Government; early access after job end without 10% penalty.

Common mistakes

  • High-fee 403(b) annuity
  • Confusing 457(b) penalty-free with tax-free

FAQ

Are limits stacked?

If eligible for both, separate elective deferral limits may apply—verify IRS year rules.